ISHIK2023
Title：Doctor training for the Saga Domain and medical education at Kouseikan
発表者：青木歳幸 （Toshiyuki AOKI）
所属：佐賀大学特命教授 （Saga University Specially Appointed Professor）
キーワード：医学教育, 留学支援, 医学寮, 好生館, ポンペ, 峯源次郎, 相良知安, 永松東海, 医制
Keywords：medical education, study abroad support, medical dormitory, Kouseikan, Pompe, Genjiro Mine, Chian Sagara, Tokai Nagamatsu, Isei
要旨：
佐賀藩では、天明5年(1785)に、佐賀藩領内の全員への医師研修を開始した。佐賀藩は、天保5年 (1834)には、医学寮を設置し、領内医師全員への医学研修を推進した。嘉永4年(1851)に、学術未熟の者は医師として認めず、試験に合格した者のみ医師としての開業を認めるという医業免札制度を開始した。
安政5年(1858) 設立の医学校である好生館でも、 佐賀藩領内の医師は、全員、この好生館で修業をさせられた。その教育内容は、漢方医学ではなく、西洋医学であった。佐賀城下から遠距離の地方在住医師に対しては、好生館から最新の西洋医学の問題を出して解答させるなどの学術向上の工夫も行われた。
これらの好生館での西洋医学教育をうけた佐賀藩出身医師相良知安や永松東海が、明治新政府の役人になり、ドイツ式医学教育や医術開業試験制度の導入などを推進し、日本の近代医学制度の基礎を作った。
Abstract：
In the 5th year of Tenmei (1785), the Saga domain began the training of all doctors in the Saga domain. In 1834, the Saga domain established a medical dormitory and promoted medical training for all doctors in the domain.
In the 4th year of Kaei (1851), a medical practice licensing system was instituted, under which only those who passed an examination were allowed to practice as a doctor, while those who were academically inexperienced were not recognized as doctors.
Even at Kouseikan, a medical school established in 1858, all doctors in the Saga domain were made to train at Kouseikan. The content of the education was Western medicine, not Kampo medicine. For doctors living in rural areas far from Saga Castle, Koseikan provided copies of the latest Western medical problems via correspondence and had them answer them.
Chian Sagara, a doctor from the Saga Domain, and Tokai Nagamatsu, who received Western medical education at Kouseikan, became officials of the new Meiji government and promoted the introduction of German-style medical education and the introduction of the medical practice examination system, leading to the development of the modern Japanese medical system.